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Combinatorial maps

We consider combinatorial maps with fixed combinatorial knot numbered with augmenting numeration called normalized knot. We show that knot's normalization doesn't affect combinatorial map what concerns its generality. Knot's normalization leads to more concise numeration of corners in maps, e.g., odd or even corners allow easy to follow distinguished cycles in map caused by the fixation of the knot. Knot's normalization may be applied to edge structuring knot too. If both are normalized then one is fully and other partially normalized mutually.

Экономика, организация и планирование материально-технического снабжения и сбыта

На первых стадиях развитии человеческого общества предметы труда и примитивные орудия для изготовления весьма ограниченных жизненных благ человек получал от природы сам, не прибегая к услугам посредников. Однако с развитием обмена продуктами между производителями, с углублением специализации и кооперирования все большую роль в процессе воспроизводства приобретает организация обмена продуктами труда. Этот обмен на всех стадиях его развития производился в двух формах — в виде обмена продуктами для личного и производственного потребления.

The Wheat Book Principles and Practice

The second edition of The Wheat Book has been somewhat changed from the original edition. Some of the authors of the chapters of the first edition have moved on or were no longer available to revise their contributions.

Эксплуатационные основы проектирования устройств СЦБ

Материал, предлагаемый в книге, не охватывает всех отраслей устройств СЦБ, а ограничивается изложением вопросов, связанных главным образом с проектированием автоблокировки, л основных положений по проектированию централизации жел.-дор. станций.

Combinatorial Optimization

In this course we will focus on general and powerful algorithmic techniques, and we will apply them, for the most part, to highly idealized model problems. Some of the problems that we will study, along with several problems arising in practice, are NP-hard, and so it is unlikely that we can design exact efficient algorithms for them. For such problems, we will study algorithms that are worst-case efficient, but that output solutions that can be sub-optimal. We will be able, however, to prove worst-case bounds to the ratio between the cost of optimal solutions and the cost of the solutions provided by our algorithms. Sub-optimal algorithms with provable guarantees about the quality of their output solutions are called approximation algorithms.

Психология

Мазкур дарслик умумий психология фанига бағишланган бўлиб,психологияга кириш, шахс ва унинг индивидуал-типологик хусусиятлари тўғрисидаги материалларни қамраб олган.

College Admission: From Application to Acceptance, Step by Step

College Admission is the ultimate user's manual and go-to guide for any student or family approaching the college application process. Featuring the wise counsel of more than 50 deans of admission, no other guide has such thorough, expert, compassionate, and professional advice. Let’s be honest: applying to college can be stressful for students and parents. But here’s the good news: you can get in. Robin Mamlet has been dean of admission at three of America's most selective colleges, and journalist and parent Christine VanDeVelde has been through the process first hand. With this book, you will feel like you have both a dean of admission and a parent who has been there at your side.

Железнодорожные станции

Невозможность подготовить к печати в ближайшее время полный курс станций и узлов в объеме, соответствующем программе строительно-путевых факультетов институтов транспорта, побуждает меня выпустить пока для занятий со студентами этих факультетов краткий курс, содержащий & себе все необходимые понятия, но изложенный конспективно.

Combinatorics through guided discovery

This book is an introduction to combinatorial mathematics, also known as combinatorics. The book focuses especially but not exclusively on the part of combinatorics that mathematicians refer to as “counting.” The book consist almost entirely of problems. Some of the problems are designed to lead you to think about a concept, others are designed to help you figure out a concept and state a theorem about it, while still others ask you to prove the theorem. Other problems give you a chance to use a theorem you have proved. From time to time there is a discussion that pulls together some of the things you have learned or introduces a new idea for you to work with. Many of the problems are designed to build up your intuition for how combinatorial mathematics works.Above all, this book is dedicated to the principle that doing mathematics is fun. As long as you know that some of the problems are going to require more than one attempt before you hit on the main idea, you can relax and enjoy your successes, knowing that as you work more and more problems and share more and more ideas, problems that seemed intractable at first become a source of satisfaction later on.

Communicating Sequential Processes

This is a book for the aspiring programmer, the programmer who aspires to greater understanding and skill in the practice of an intellectually demanding profession. It is designed to appeal first to a natural sense of curiosity, which is aroused by a new approach to a familiar topic. The approach is illustrated by a host of examples drawn from a wide range of applications, from vending machines through fairy stories and games to computer operating systems. The treatment is based on a mathematical theory, which is described by a systematic collection of algebraic laws.

Организация грузовой работы промежуточных станций и движения сборных поездов

От правильной организации грузовой работы отделений службы движения в значительной степени зависят скорость продвижения грузов, снижение простоев вагонов на промежуточных и участковых станциях и ускорение оборота вагона, т. е. получение дополнительных резервов для увеличения размеров перевозок и снижения себестоимости их;

Сборник задач по СЦБ

Целевой установкой предлагаемого задачника по СЦБ и является содействие углублению изучения и проработки СЦБ, что не может быть обеспечено только изучением основных курсов по СЦБ. Опыт создания пособия-задачника по СЦБ является первым в СССР; за границей также нет изданий, охватывающих комплекс вопросов по СЦБ так, как это сделано в предлагаемом труде.

Un va yorma ishlab chiqarishning zamonaviy texnologiyalari

Mazkur "Un va yorma ishlab chiqarishning zamonaviy texnoIogiyalaгi,' fan id an tayyorlangan darslik, 5321000 - Oziq-ovqat texnologiyasi (don mahsulotlari) yo‘nalishida bakalavriat va 5A321001 - Oziq-ovqat mahsulotlarini ishlab chiqarish va qayta ishlash texnologiyasi (don va don mahsulotlarini saqlash hamda qayta ishlash texnologiyasi) mutaxassisligida magistratura bosqichida tahsil olayotgan talabalar uchun mo‘ljallangan

Davolash jismoniy tarbiyasi

Ushbu darslikda yangi o'quvv dasturiga mos, unda tibbiyotning dolzarb muommolarini inobatga olgan holda vazifalari va maqsadi, uning shakllari va vositalarining qo'llash xususiyatlari,kasalliklar, organizmdagi nuqsonlar, shakllanishlari haqida.

Compiled and Solved Problems in Geometry and Trigonometry

This book is a translation from Romanian of "Probleme Compilate şi Rezolvate de Geometrie şi Trigonometrie" (University of Kishinev Press, Kishinev, 169 p., 1998), and includes problems of 2D and 3D Euclidean geometry plus trigonometry, compiled and solved from the Romanian Textbooks for 9th and 10th grade students, in the period 1981-1988, when I was a professor of mathematics at the "Petrache Poenaru" National College in Balcesti, Valcea (Romania), Lycée Sidi El Hassan Lyoussi in Sefrou (Morocco), then at the "Nicolae Balcescu" National College in Craiova and Dragotesti General School (Romania), but also I did intensive private tutoring for students preparing their university entrance examination. After that, I have escaped in Turkey in September 1988 and lived in a political refugee camp in Istanbul and Ankara, and in March 1990 I immigrated to United States

Первибрированный бетон

Однако, несмотря на успешное овладение производством бетонных и железобетонных .работ, качество самого бетона еще невысоко. На ряде строек мы и сейчас имеем либо большой процент отклонения действительной прочности бетона от заданной, либо обеспечение проектной прочности чрезмерно большим расходом высокосортного цемента на кубометр и назначение более высоких, чем по проекту, марок бетона, из-за неуверенности в том, что удастся получить достаточно стандартный бетон.